joi, 17 septembrie 2015

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miercuri, 16 septembrie 2015

Mish's Global Economic Trend Analysis

Mish's Global Economic Trend Analysis


MIT Researchers Solve Temperature Problem in 3D Printing Glass; End of Glass Blowers?

Posted: 16 Sep 2015 03:01 PM PDT

Are custom glass blowers next in line to be replaced by robots?

The problem has always been in working with temperatures at close to 2000 degrees Fahrenheit. However, MIT researchers have solved the problem.

Please consider Scientists Develop New High-Temperature System to 3D Print Transparent Glass.
MIT researchers have for the first time developed a new high-temperature system that can produce 3D printed transparent glass objects.

Researchers have attempted to 3D print glass objects in the past, but a major obstacle has been the extremely high temperature needed to melt the material.

The high-temperature system developed by the team at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) retains the strength and transparency of glass.

The new system was developed by Neri Oxman, an associate professor at the MIT Media Lab; Peter Houk, director of the MIT Glass Lab; MIT researchers John Klein and Michael Stern; and six others.

Like other 3D printers now on the market, the device can print designs created in a computer-assisted design programme, producing a finished product with little human intervention.

One challenge the researchers faced was keeping the filament of glass hot enough so the next layer of the structure would adhere to it, but not so hot that the structure would collapse into a shapeless lump.

They ended up producing three separate components that can independently be heated to the required temperatures - the upper reservoir for the stock of molten glass, the nozzle at the bottom of that chamber, and a lower chamber where the printed object is built up.

"Glass is inherently a very difficult material to work with," Klein said.

The new process could allow unprecedented control over the glass shapes that can be produced, Oxman said.

"We can design and print components with variable thicknesses and complex inner features -- unlike glassblowing, where the inner features reflect the outer shape," Oxman said.
Mike "Mish" Shedlock

Real Median Earnings for Men at 1971 Level, Women at 2001 Level; Household Income at 1996 Level; What About the War on Poverty?

Posted: 16 Sep 2015 10:55 AM PDT

If you are looking for evidence that QE has done anything to improve income for the bottom half of the nation you will not find it in data released today from the Census Bureau.

Please consider the census report on Income, Poverty and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States for 2014.

Highlights

  • Median household income was $53,657 in 2014 [down 1.5% from 2013]. This is the third consecutive year that the annual change was not statistically significant, following two consecutive years of annual declines in median household income.
  • In 2014, real median household income was 6.5 percent lower than in 2007, the year before the most recent recession.
  • The real median income of non-Hispanic White households declined 1.7 percent between 2013 and 2014. For Black, Asian, and Hispanic-origin households, the 2013-2014 percentage changes in real median income were not statistically significant
  • The real median income of households maintained by a foreign-born person increased by 4.3 percent between 2013 and 2014. In contrast, the median income of households maintained by a native-born person declined 2.3 percent.

Real Median Household Income



Household Income Progress

  • Real median household income for all races is where it was in 1996.
  • Real median household income for white non-Hispanics is where it was in 1997.
  • Real median household income for blacks is where it first was in 1995.
  • Real median household income for Hispanics is where it first was in 1998.
  • Real median household income for Asians is where it first was in 1995.

Real median household income for all races is 6.5 percent lower than 2007, and 7.2 percent lower than the median household income peak ($57,843) that occurred in 1999.

Earnings of Men vs. Women - Fulltime Workers



Earnings Progress

  • The female-to-male earnings ratio is at an all-time high of 79 percent
  • Real median earnings of male fulltime workers is at a 1971 level
  • Real median earnings of female fulltime workers is at a 2001 level

By the way, those "real earnings" numbers assume you believe the government's measure of inflation. Note that the CPI does not reflect home prices or property taxes, and is at best a crude, inefficient, measure of prices.

Poverty



The poverty rate is where it was in 1966.

On August 20, 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the "Economic Opportunity Act" kicking off his "Great Society" and the "War on Poverty".

Johnson stated "Our aim is not only to relieve the symptom of poverty, but to cure it and, above all, to prevent it".

Until Johnson declared a war on poverty there was actually progress on poverty.

In 1996, president Bill Clinton signed the "Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act" on a mission to "end welfare as we know it".

President Clinton succeeded, in a perverse way.

For details of Clinton's success, please see States Have an Incentive to Promote (Not Stop) Disability Fraud; So How Much Fraud Is There?

Mike "Mish" Shedlock

​Announcing MozCon Local 2016! - Moz Blog

​Announcing MozCon Local 2016!

Posted by EricaMcGillivray

Looking to level up your local marketing and SEO skills? Join us in Seattle for MozCon Local, Thursday and Friday, February 18-19. With both an all-day conference and a half-day workshop, you'll hear from top local speakers on topics critical to local marketing, including local link building, app search, mobile optimization, content creation, and so much more. For those who attended LocalUp Advanced last year, this is its newest iteration.

For Friday's main show, we'll have a full day of speakers giving in-depth presentations with tons of actionable tips. Whether you're an in-house or agency marketer, a Yellow Pages publisher, or a consultant, you'll come away with a long to-do list and new knowledge. Plus, you'll be able to interact directly with speakers both during Q&A sessions and around the conference, and spend time getting to know your fellow local marketers.

Mary Bowling

We've teamed with our friends at Local U again to bring you in-depth workshops on Thursday afternoon. If you have specific questions and needs for your clients or local marketing, they'll be able to dive into the details, give advice, and address issues unique to your business. For those of you who attended last year's LocalUp, you'll remember the great Q&A sessions. Local U is planning a couple different tracks from agency management to recommended tools, which will be a blast.

Buy your MozCon Local 2016 ticket!


Some of our great speakers (more coming!)

Darren Shaw

Darren Shaw
Whitespark

Darren Shaw is the President and Founder of Whitespark, a company that builds software and provides services to help businesses with local search. He's widely regarded in the local SEO community as an innovator, one whose years of experience working with massive local data sets have given him uncommon insights into the inner workings of the world of citation-building and local search marketing. Darren has been working on the web for over 16 years and loves everything about local SEO.

David Mihm

David Mihm
Moz

David Mihm is one of the world's leading practitioners of Local search engine marketing. He has created and promoted search-friendly websites for clients of all sizes since the early 2000's. David co-founded GetListed.org, which he sold to Moz in November 2012.

Ed Reese

Ed Reese
Sixth Man Marketing

Ed Reese leads a talented analytics and usability team at his firm Sixth Man Marketing, is a co-founder of LocalU, and an adjunct professor of digital marketing at Gonzaga University. In his free time, he optimizes his foosball and disc golf technique and spends time with his wife and two boys.

Emily Grossman

Emily Grossman
MobileMoxie

Emily Grossman is a Mobile Marketing Specialist at MobileMoxie, and she has been working with mobile apps since the early days of the app stores in 2010. She specializes in app search marketing, with a focus on strategic deep linking, app indexing, app launch strategy, and app store optimization (ASO).

Lindsay Wassell

Lindsay Wassell
Keyphraseology

Lindsay Wassell's been herding bots and wrangling SERPs since 2001. She has a zeal for helping small businesses grow with improved digital presence. Lindsay is the CEO and founder of Keyphraseology.

Mary Bowling

Mary Bowling
Ignitor Digital

Mary Bowling's been in SEO since 2003 and has specialized in Local SEO since 2006. When she's not writing about, teaching, consulting and doing internet marketing, you'll find her rafting, biking, and skiing/snowboarding in the mountains and deserts of Colorado and Utah.

Mike Ramsey

Mike Ramsey
Nifty Marketing

Mike Ramsey is the president of Nifty Marketing and a founding faculty member of Local University. He is a lover of search and social with a heavy focus in local marketing and enjoys the chess game of entrepreneurship and business management. Mike loves to travel and loves his home state of Idaho.

Rand Fishkin

Rand Fishkin
Moz

Rand Fishkin uses the ludicrous title, Wizard of Moz. He's founder and former CEO of Moz, co-author of a pair of books on SEO, and co-founder of Inbound.org.

Robi Ganguly

Robi Ganguly
Apptentive

Robi Ganguly is the co-founder and CEO of Apptentive, the easiest way for every company to communicate with their mobile app customers. A native Seattleite, Robi enjoys building relationships, running, reading, and cooking.


MozCon Local takes place at our headquarters in Seattle, which means you'll be spending the day in the MozPlex. In addition to all the learning, we'll be providing great swag. Thursday's workshops will have a snack break and networking time, and for Friday's show your ticket includes breakfast, lunch, and two snack breaks. Additionally, on Friday evening, we'll have a networking party so you meet those attending, some who you may have only met on Twitter. Face-to-face ftw!

We're expecting around 200 people to join us, including speakers, Mozzers, and Local U staff. LocalUp Advanced sold out last year, and we expect MozCon Local to sell out, too, so you'll want to buy your ticket now!

Our best early-bird prices:

Ticket Normal price Early-bird price
Friday conference Moz or LocalU subscriber ticket $599 $399
Friday conference GA ticket $899 $699
Thursday workshop Moz or LocalU subscriber ticket $399 $299
Thursday workshop GA ticket $549 $399

In order to attend both the conference and workshop, you must purchase tickets to each. Or you may choose to attend one or the other, depending on your needs.

Buy your MozCon Local 2016 ticket!


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Seth's Blog : When did you give up?

When did you give up?

The bureaucracy is no longer your enemy. The bureaucracy is you.

And it's easy to blame your boss, or the dolt who set up all these systems, or the one who depersonalizes everything. The policies and the oversight and the structure almost force you to merely show up. And to leave as early as you can.

But the thing is, the next job, like the last one, is going to be like this. If this is the job you're seeking, if this is the level of responsibility you take, perhaps it's not just your boss.

How long ago did you decide to settle for this? How long ago did you start building the cocoon that insulates you from the work you do all day?

Years ago, the spark was still there. The dreams. And most of all, the willingness to take it personally.

You can take it personally again. 

       

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marți, 15 septembrie 2015

Mish's Global Economic Trend Analysis

Mish's Global Economic Trend Analysis


Strong Start to Third Quarter GDP?

Posted: 15 Sep 2015 10:16 PM PDT

In Retail Sales Rise Thanks to Autos; Industrial Production Sinks Thanks to Autos; Last Hurrah for Autos? I highlighted this Bloomberg claim:

"Taken together, July and August point to a very strong start to the third quarter for the consumer."

Later in the afternoon I decide to check. It just so happened the Atlanta Fed updated its GDPNow Model following yesterday's reports.

The Atlanta Fed forecast reads ...
The GDPNow model forecast for real GDP growth (seasonally adjusted annual rate) in the third quarter of 2015 is 1.5 percent on September 15, unchanged from September 3. The nowcast for third-quarter real personal consumption expenditures growth increased from 2.6 percent to 3.2 percent after this morning's retail sales release from the U.S. Census Bureau. This was offset by a decline in the nowcast of growth in real government spending after Friday's Monthly Treasury Statement and a decline in the nowcast of inventories for motor vehicle and parts dealers after this morning's industrial production release from the Federal Reserve.
GDP Now Forecast 



The GDPNow forecast following the retail sales and industrial production numbers is the same as it was on September 3.

As noted above Retail Sales Rise Thanks to Autos; Industrial Production Sinks Thanks to Autos

It was a wash. And 1.5% GDP growth annualized is hardly a strong start.

Mike "Mish" Shedlock

It's Not Obama's Fault: Six Rules to Live By

Posted: 15 Sep 2015 03:50 PM PDT

A reader emailed a link to a preposterous Foreign Policy article by Aaron David Miller entitled "It's Not Obama's Fault".

The subtitle was just as preposterous: "The inconvenient truths about why you can't blame the West for what's happened in Syria."

Miller's article is the same old, same old flag waving "US never does anything wrong, and should apologize for nothing" type of thing.

In retrospect, the article could have been about anything, not just Syria.

The article did serve a purpose, however. In the future his entire article and anything similar can easily be replaced by a set of simple rules.

Six Rules to Live By

  • Rule Number 1: Never blame your own party
  • Rule Number 2: It's never Obama's fault
  • Rule Number 3: It's never Bush's fault
  • Rule Number 4: If you are a Republican, please see rule number 2
  • Rule Number 5: If you are a Democrat, please see rule number 3
  • Rule Number 6: If you are independent, please see rules number 2 and 3.

Fake patriot non-apologists are a dime a dozen.

But the demagogues who always blame the other party are just as bad, if not worse.

Anyone who does not understand how destabilizing US policy is for the entire Mideast has their head up their ass.

Mike "Mish" Shedlock

Retail Sales Rise Thanks to Autos; Industrial Production Sinks Thanks to Autos; Last Hurrah for Autos?

Posted: 15 Sep 2015 12:27 PM PDT

An interesting divergence in auto production and sales came out in separate reports today. Let's start with sales.

Retail Sales Rise Thanks to Autos

The Bloomberg Economic Consensus for Retail Sales was for 0.3% growth. Actual growth came it at 0.2%, nonetheless Bloomberg issued a glowing report, largely on autos, but also because of small upward revision for last month.
For a second report in a row, upward revisions highlight solid growth in retail sales. Retail sales rose 0.2 percent in August with ex-auto at plus 0.1 percent and ex-auto ex-gas at plus 0.3 percent. These are all 1 tenth below consensus. July, however, shows broad upward revisions with total sales at a very strong plus 0.7 percent vs an initial plus 0.6 percent. Ex-auto for July is revised upward by 2 tenths to plus 0.6 percent and ex-auto ex-gas revised upward by 3 tenths to plus 0.7 percent.

Turning first to strength in the August data, motor vehicles rose 0.7 percent on top of July's 1.4 percent gain. These are very solid readings for a very important component that points squarely at a healthy and confident consumer. Restaurants, another component tied to discretionary health, rose a very strong 0.7 percent to extend a run of gains. On the weak side are gasoline stations where, due to lower gas prices, sales fell 1.8 percent. But this decline actually underscores one of the reasons behind the consumer's health unlike, however, declines in building materials, down 1.8 percent, and furniture, down 0.9 percent. Yet both of these declines follow very strong gains in the prior month.

Taken together, July and August point to a very strong start to the third quarter for the consumer, a fact that plays into the hands of the hawks at this week's FOMC. Still, the doves can argue that slowing in August could point to negative effects from China-based volatility.

Recent History Of This Indicator

Retail sales are expected to rise 0.3 percent in August, a moderate gain that would not change the fate of the week's FOMC meeting. But the range of forecasts is wide and a print near the top forecast of 1.0 percent could very well lift the chances of a rate hike. And strength in the month is seen in core sales reflected in the ex-auto ex-gas reading which is expected to rise a solid 0.4 percent. Gasoline stations are expected to post sharply lower sales in line with the month's fall in gasoline prices.
Industrial Production Sinks Thanks to Autos
The Bloomberg Consensus Estimate for Industrial Production was -0.2%, in a range of -0.7% to +0.5%. The actual number was -0.4%, with an interesting highlight.

A reversal in the auto sector pulled down industrial production in August, falling 0.4 percent vs the Econoday consensus for a 0.2 percent decline. The manufacturing component fell 0.5 percent, also deeper than the consensus at minus 0.3 percent. In an offset, gains in July proved more robust than initially reported with total industrial production revised 3 tenths higher to plus 0.9 percent and manufacturing revised 1 tenth higher, now also at plus 0.9 percent.

Motor vehicle production is August's disappointment, down 6.4 percent following July's giant 10.6 percent spike. When excluding motor vehicle production, however, industrial production was unchanged in August following respectable gains of 0.3 percent in the prior two months. But these readings are far from spectacular and the weakness in the latest month could be a signal of retrenchment tied to Chinese-based volatility.

Turning to the report's other two components, utility production rose 0.6 percent in August with mining at minus 0.6 percent. Mining, hit by weak commodity prices, has been hurting all year with the year-on-year reading at minus 3.2 percent. Utilities, however, are up 3.2 percent year-on-year which leads the major components as manufacturing's year-on-year rate is a soft looking plus 1.4 percent. Total industrial production is up only 0.9 percent year-on-year.

This weakness is reflected in capacity utilization which is at 77.6 percent in the August report, down 4 tenths in the month and 2 tenths lower than consensus. Manufacturing utilization is at a soft 75.8 percent vs an unrevised 76.2 percent in July.

The vehicle-led burst in the manufacturing sector faded noticeably by summer's end, a reminder that foreign demand for U.S. goods is weak and that the domestic energy sector is suffering. The consumer is the lead horse for the economy, making up for factory slack that the doves are certain to cite at this week's FOMC.
Last Hurrah for Autos?

In regards to retail sales, Bloomberg commented "Turning first to strength in the August data, motor vehicles rose 0.7 percent on top of July's 1.4 percent gain. These are very solid readings for a very important component that points squarely at a healthy and confident consumer."

In regards to industrial production, Bloomberg commented "Motor vehicle production is August's disappointment, down 6.4 percent following July's giant 10.6 percent spike."

Every month, I keep wondering "Is this the last hurrah for Autos?"

We still do not know.

Every recent downturn in autos has simply led to a greater rise the next month.

Yet, there is one thing we do know: A huge auto slowdown is coming at some point and it will likely hit the economy like a ton of bricks when it happens.

It's fully expected in this corner, but economists and the Fed will be "shocked" when it happens.

Healthy and Confident Consumer?

As for Bloomberg's anecdote about a "healthy and confident consumer", I suggest Bloomberg is in Fantasyland.

Excluding autos, retail sales have been generally weak and confidence numbers are all over the map. Bloomberg ought to know, because it comments on confidence every month.

  • The latest University of Michigan "Consumer Confidence Index" is at a 3-month low.
  • The latest Conference Board "Consumer Confidence Level" is near an all-time high.
  • A recent Gallup "Economic Confidence Index" is near a 10-month low.

For details, please see my September 1 article, Investigating Consumer Confidence: 3-Month Low? 10-Month Low? Near Record High?

Moreover, and as discussed in the above link, confidence and retail spending have at best a weak correlation.

Gallup Confidence Update

Since Gallup updates its Economic Confidence Numbers every week, let's take a quick look. The latest report came out six hours ago.



The trend appears unmistakable to me, and it certainly is not strong. Nonetheless, the consumer sentiment myth goes on and on.

Mike "Mish" Shedlock

Shocking Weakness in Empire State Manufacturing Report

Posted: 15 Sep 2015 11:17 AM PDT

Last month we reported "Out of the Blue" Plunge in New York Region Manufacturing; Optimism Persists

As expected in this corner, there was absolutely no reason to be optimistic about manufacturing. Nonetheless, economists expected a snap-back.

The Bloomberg Consensus Estimate for the Empire State Manufacturing Index was -0.50, up from the August plunge to -14.92. The economists were off by a mile.
Highlights

The shocking weakness in August was no fluke as the Empire State index came in far below expectations for September, at minus 14.67. Next only to August's minus 14.92, September's reading is the weakest of the recovery, since April 2009. And, unfortunately, judging by new orders, activity in October may prove to be just as weak. New orders are deeply negative this month, at minus 12.91 vs minus 15.70 in August and the fourth straight negative reading. And manufacturers in the New York region won't be able to turn to backlogs which are extending their long run of contraction at minus 8.25.

Searching for positives in this report is difficult. Negative signs sweep components including shipments, at minus 7.98 following August's minus 13.79. If extended to national data, these results point to trouble for third-quarter GDP. Employment is at minus 6.19 which is the first negative reading since all the way back in January 2013. The workweek, reflecting the weakness in shipments, is down very steeply at minus 10.31. Price data show outright contraction for finished goods at minus 5.15 -- the first negative reading since November 2013. And rounding things out is a 10 point loss in the 6-month outlook to 23.21 which is the weakest since, once again, January 2013.

Recent History Of This Indicator

The Empire State manufacturing index is expected to bounce back in September, to a consensus minus 0.50 which would indicate only slight month-to-month contraction vs August's extremely deep contraction of minus 14.92. Focus will be on new orders which, at minus 15.70 in August, posted its weakest reading in 5 years.
Empire State Survey

Let's tune into the New York Fed Survey for further details.
The September 2015 Empire State Manufacturing Survey indicates that business activity declined for a second consecutive month for New York manufacturers. The headline general business conditions index remained well below zero at -14.7. As in August, declines were reported for both orders and shipments, with the new orders index coming in at -12.9 and the shipments index registering -8.0. The inventories index slipped a point to -18.5, indicating a continuing drop in inventory levels. Price indexes pointed to a small increase in input prices and a small decline in selling prices. Labor market indicators suggested that both employment levels and hours worked contracted. Indexes for the six-month outlook were generally lower than last month, suggesting that optimism about future conditions waned.
Mike "Mish" Shedlock

Tsipras and Meimarakis Debate; Hung Parliament or Coalition Likely; El Dorado Gold Connection; Does it Matter Who Wins?

Posted: 15 Sep 2015 10:30 AM PDT

Former Greek prime minister Alexis Tsipras who resigned on August 20 in the wake of his historic cave-in to the Troika, engaged in a Head-to-Head TV Debate yesterday with New Democracy leader Evangelos Meimarakis.
Monday night's debate featured sharp exchanges between former prime minister Alexis Tsipras, who last month triggered the snap election amid a rebellion in his leftwing Syriza party over a new EU bailout, and the centre-right New Democracy leader Evangelos Meimarakis.

Mr Tsipras repeatedly put his conservative opponent on the defensive, attacking Mr Meimarakis' party as responsible for "40 years of financial scandals while in power" that had benefited the country's business and political elite.

Mr Meimarakis countered the Syriza-led government had managed to bankrupt Greece in just seven months — to which a smiling Mr Tsipras hit back that this was like "someone who drank three bottles of whisky and a shot of vodka then claiming it was the vodka that had given him a hangover". 

Syriza and New Democracy, with about 26 per cent of the vote each, according to forecasts, are well ahead of other rivals, but whomever wins will fall short of a parliamentary majority.

Mr Tsipras has repeatedly rebuffed [coalition] offers, and in a televised debate on Monday evening told Mr Meimarakis that any deal between the two parties after the election would be "unnatural".

One subject that figured into the debate was the investment by Eldorado Gold of Canada in a depressed region of northern Greece, which leftwingers oppose even though the country's supreme court has ruled that environmental permits are in line with international standards.

Mr Meimarakis made a point of bringing up the gold mining controversy in the debate, saying: "Syriza claims it wants investments to create jobs but you put thousands of jobs at risk just to score electoral points. You are driving away growth, not creating it".

An unruffled Mr Tsipras replied: "We only want investment that won't damage the environment."
Does it Matter Who Wins?

If we define "win" as ability to form a government after the election, then how can it possibly matter? Both parties have bowed down to demands of the creditors. There is nothing much left to fight over.

The socialists and the conservatives are effectively one and the same.

Aside from minor squabbles such as El Dorado investment, Greek policy will be run by Germany, with the IMF on the sidelines pressuring Germany to offer more debt relief.

One would have to believe Germany hopes Tsipras loses as his final punishment for the preceding showdown, but given Tsipras is now a German lapdog, the only thing that matters is if no one can form a coalition.

If Syriza barely wins and Tsipras holds to his "no deal" stance, expect another election, with reforms delayed in the process.

Here is the pertinent question: Is Tsipras making a political statement that no deal with New Democracy is possible, or is that really his firm position?

Saga Not Over

Even if a grand coalition forms, the saga will not be over. Greece will never be able to achieve and sustain the primary account surplus it needs to honor the deal. Ultimately, what cannot be paid back won't.

Mike "Mish" Shedlock

Ben Bernanke vs. John Hussman; Beauty of Truth vs. Beast of Dogma; Four Questions

Posted: 15 Sep 2015 12:07 AM PDT

Ben Bernanke the Comedian

Of the debates I would most like to see, John Hussman vs. Ben Bernanke would be right near the top of the list.

Let's kick off this hypothetical debate with a statement made by Ben Bernanke: "The problem with QE is it works in practice, but it doesn't work in theory."

Bernanke made that claim in response to a question if he was confident that QE (the policy of buying bonds to drive down long-term interest rates with short-term rates already at zero), would heal the economy.

Evidence In

Bernanke's response proved he is a better comedian than economist.

The evidence is in. What do we have to show for QE other than one of the biggest asset bubbles in history?

Beauty of Truth vs. Beast of Dogma

Don't take my word for it. Let's tune into this week's missive by John Hussman: Beauty of Truth vs. Beast of Dogma.

Hussman kicks off with a discussion only geeks can understand. But if you read far enough it quickly gets amusing.

For example, Hussman posted the following chart of the Taylor Rule (a rule that supposedly will allow the Fed to automatically set interest rates) with this comment ...

"It's unfortunate that the Federal Reserve is actually allowed and even encouraged to impose massive distortions on the U.S. economy based on relationships that are indistinguishable from someone sneezing on a sheet of graph paper."



Those who managed to get to that point were in for a nice down to earth set of comments and graphs that followed.
When you examine historical data and estimate actual correlations and effect sizes, the dogmatic belief that the Fed can "fine tune" anything in the economy is utter hogwash. At the same time, the demonstrated ability of the Fed to provoke yield-seeking speculation and malinvestment is as clear as day. An activist Federal Reserve is an engine of disaster and little more. Even with the best intentions, a dogmatic Fed, unrestrained by reasonable rules and constraints, is a reckless and deceptive beast, constantly offering to heal the nation with precisely the same actions that inflicted the wounds in the first place.

Truth, on the other hand, is beautiful. Economic relationships that are supported in real-world data are a sight to behold. You want to see some relationships you can count on? The chart below shows the relationship between the 3-month Treasury bill and the ratio of the monetary base (currency and bank reserves) to nominal GDP, in data since 1929. Notice something. Without paying banks interest to hold excess reserves idle in the banking system, the Fed could reduce its balance sheet by more than one-third (over $1.4 trillion) without pushing short-term interest rates above zero. That excess base money does nothing to support the real economy.

Nobody's desired level of saving, consumption, or real investment changes just because the Fed has chosen to force the economy to hold more base money and fewer Treasury bonds. But somebody has to hold that cash at every point in time – and nobody wants to hold it. So it simply acts as a hot potato, encouraging yield-seeking speculation in the financial markets. In my view, the most urgent action the Federal Reserve should take is to cease reinvestment of principal as the holdings on its balance sheet mature, in order to reduce this massive pool of idle base money, which does nothing but to promote speculation. No increase in interest rates would need to result from that action.



Here's another relationship you can count on. By definition, nominal GDP is equal to the monetary base multiplied by the "velocity" of the monetary base. People often seem to believe that if the Fed doubles the monetary base, nominal GDP should double as well (either by prices increasing, real GDP increasing, or both). That outcome, however, would only occur if velocity was constant. In that case, quantitative easing would result in a greater level of spending on goods and services, rather than financial speculation. The graph below illustrates that this simply does not happen. In practice, doubling the monetary base simply causes people to hold more idle money balances, and velocity simply falls in half. As a result, actively expanding the money supply in pursuit of higher inflation or higher real GDP growth is ineffective, even if central banks create money in massive amounts as they have in recent years through quantitative easing. Because monetary velocity falls in proportion to growth in the monetary base, more QE simply depresses interest rates and distorts financial markets.



The effect of years of zero interest rate policies has been to progressively drive investors toward securities of greater and greater risk, in the belief that "There Is No Alternative" (TINA). In every other market cycle across history, once an "overvalued, overbought, overbullish" syndrome emerged in the stock market, market internals were either already deteriorating, or collapsed in relatively short order – meaning that investors became more risk averse. When overvaluation was joined by increasing risk aversion, air-pockets, panics and crashes typically followed.

In the market cycle since 2009, however, central banks aggressively and intentionally promoted speculation by holding interest rates at zero. That reduced the overlap between "overvalued, overbought, overbullish" syndromes and the eventual deterioration in market internals. Our own rather painful lesson from the recent cycle was that in the presence of QE, one must actually wait for internals to explicitly deteriorate before taking a hard-negative outlook on stocks.

After years of speculation, we currently estimate a 10-year nominal expected total return for the S&P 500 close to zero – much the same as we projected in real time at the market peak in 2000. The Federal Reserve seems to have no idea what it has done. Poor long-term market returns and severe interim losses are now baked in the cake as a result of obscene valuations. There is no way to undo this outcome – only to manage the consequences.

The real problem isn't what the Fed may do, but the ultimately unavoidable consequences of what the Fed has already done. The cost of reckless Fed-induced yield seeking will likely be felt first in the financial markets as previous paper gains evaporate, while defaults on excessive low-quality covenant-lite credit will emerge over the course of the economic cycle, and the impact of malinvestment will be to limit productivity and economic growth over the longer run. This is all rather inevitable except in the eyes of those who haven't watched and memorized a dozen adaptations of the same movie.

In short, my view is that activist Fed policy is both ineffective and reckless (and the historical data bears this out), and that the Federal Reserve has pushed the financial markets to a precipice from which no gentle retreat is ultimately likely. Similar precipices, such as 1929 and 2000, and even lesser precipices like 1906, 1937, 1973 and 2007 have always had unfortunate endings. A quarter-point hike will not cause anything. The causes are already baked in the cake. A rate hike may be a trigger with respect to timing, but that's all. History suggests we should place our attention on valuations and market internals in any event.
Mistakes Made

It's easy to find the mistakes of others (Ben Bernanke and Paul Krugman provide endless opportunities), but it's not so easy to admit your own.

Although things may not play out the same way next time, my own policy is to admit mistakes, or someone else will do it for you. Here's the key sentence from Hussman that explains where value investors, me included, went astray.

"Our own rather painful lesson from the recent cycle was that in the presence of QE, one must actually wait for internals to explicitly deteriorate before taking a hard-negative outlook on stocks."

QE did not do a damn thing for the real economy. In fact, by encouraging speculation, QE made matters worse.

But until the bubble bursts, QE allows Bernanke and the ECB to crack jokes and Laugh Like a Hyena. Click on link for video of actual hyenas laughing.

Four Questions

  1. Will Bernanke admit his own role in the housing credit bubble?
  2. Will Bernanke ever admit the Fed is a serial bubble blower with each bubble bigger than the one that preceded it?
  3. Even after the current equity/junk bond bubble crashes, will either Bernanke or Janet Yellen admit their role in the mess?
  4. Has nearly everyone been sucked in to the notion the Fed will not let another stock market collapse happen?

The answers to questions 1-3 are easy. Non, non, et non! (as my high school French teacher frequently stated years ago).



For investors, question number 4 above is the crucial one. And the critical answer is "yes". Mathematically, it has to be, for the masses.

More Questions

If the Fed could prevent stock market collapses why didn't it do so in 2008? Why did Japan have close to three lost decades? Why couldn't China halt the share plunge recently?

Does only the Fed have the magic wand?

Mike "Mish" Shedlock